Indications for Lower Urinary Tract Drainage

There are multiple diagnostic indications for lower urinary tract drainage.

children or females, may require catheterization of the urinary bladder for a sterile sample of urine for culture. 

This is important in cases in which there is a suspicion for contamination of the urine with clean-catch specimens.

when patients are admitted to the hospital for varying diagnoses such as acute kidney injury or sepsis, catheterization is indicated for urine output monitoring.

When lower urinary tract trauma is expected, catheterization may be required for the diagnosis of a urethral or bladder injury.

 A cystogram requires the insertion of a catheter into the bladder, whereas a retrograde urethrogram requires the insertion of the catheter into the fossa navicularis.

 Flexible and rigid cystoscopy is a form of lower urinary catheterization and is used to diagnose various lower urinary tract pathologies.

The performance of urodynamics studies requires catheterization of the bladder

to measure postvoid residual, to fill the bladder during measurement, and to

insert the sensor catheter to measure detrusor pressure. Finally, catheterization

may be required to collect cytology when there is a suspicion of urothelial

cancer.